Demonstrative pronouns (işaret zamirleri) point to specific people or things. The main ones are bu (this), şu (that - often nearby or just mentioned), and o (that - further away, or also the personal pronoun 'he/she/it').

Basic Forms:

• Bu: This (plural: bunlar - these)
• Şu: That (nearby) (plural: şunlar - those nearby)
• O: That (far) (plural: onlar - those far, also 'they')

Example: Bu ne? (What is this?) Şunlar kim? (Who are those?)

Declension:

Demonstrative pronouns decline for case like nouns. When adding suffixes starting with a vowel, the buffer consonant 'n' is often used before the case ending.

Bu (This)

Example: Bunu istiyorum. (I want this one.) Bunlardan hangisi senin? (Which of these is yours?)

Şu and O (as a demonstrative) decline similarly to "Bu," using the same buffer 'n' and case endings, respecting vowel harmony.
Example (Şu): Şunun, Şunu, Şuna, Şunda, Şundan. (Plural: Şunların, Şunları, Şunlara, Şunlarda, Şunlardan)
Example (O): Onun, Onu, Ona, Onda, Ondan. (Plural: Onların, Onları, Onlara, Onlarda, Onlardan)

Usage Notes:

• When used as adjectives before a noun, demonstratives do not take plural or case suffixes. Example: Bu kitap (This book), O evler (Those houses).